Rape plant is an old cultivated crop. It is grown as oil plant for seed containing 40 - 45 % of oil of a high caloric value. In Europe it spread in the second half of the 19th century. From the botanic point of view we classify rape plant among dicotyledonous plants from family Brassicaceae. It is an annual, 60 – 120 cm high herb with a strong main root. Based on the start of flowering and especially based on the time of sowing we distinguish winter rape plant and spring rape plant. Rape plant is demanding on the quality of soil and it should be sown on the same piece of land once in four years.